Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
counter for flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper); (arch.) counter for positions or roles; (arch.) counter for food portions (now only gyōza and soba); counter for ranking level
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
stinginess; miserliness; shabby; cheap; petty; narrow-minded
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
until now; so far; up to the present
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hero; the brave; man of valour (valor)
setting off (on a trip); departure
Satan; the Devil; the Prince of Darkness; king of the demons who try to prevent people from doing good
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
failure; mistake; blunder
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
steady; honest; sober; straightforward
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance