century; era; of the century (e.g. fight of the century)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
many; much; plenty; hardly
town; city; municipal; urban
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
construction; establishment
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
Japanese pronunciation of a kanji (based on adopted Chinese pronunciations)
dukedom; duchy; principality
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to dedicate; to make an offering; to supply; to store; to finish; to bring to a close; to restore (something to its place)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
commonwealth; federation of states; confederation; union
war; fighting; fierce competition
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
to go down and stand; to alight; to get down
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
now; the present time; just now; another; more
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
headquarters; head office; main office
to (be able to) make contact; to (be able to) get in touch
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to face; to go towards; to head towards
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)