indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
such ... as; or some such
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be surprised; to be astonished
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
adult (esp. person 20 years old or over); grownup; becoming an adult; coming of age; growing up (to be a man, woman)
inspection (e.g. customs, factory); examination; scan (e.g. MRI, PET, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
when it becomes; when it comes to
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
re-; again; repeated; deutero-; deuto-; deuter-
check; plaid; checking; monitoring; check (banking); cheque
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
mistake; error; accident; mishap; improper conduct (e.g. between man and woman); indiscretion
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
thanks; gratitude; manners; etiquette; bow; reward; gift
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet