prefix for forming ordinal numbers
division; section; compartment; block; plot; lot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
drainage; draining; pumping out (water); displacement
inspection; examination; checking
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
base (military, expedition, etc.)
welcome!; nice to see you!
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
underground; below the ground; world of the dead; the grave; underground (activities, movement, etc.); secret
metre; meter; meter; gauge
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
bulky; massive; thick; heavy
surface of the earth; ground surface
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
heart; mind; bottom of one's heart; core (of one's character); centre; center; heart (organ)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to defend against; to protect against; to prevent; to avert; to avoid
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
transport staff (driver, conductor, etc.); crew member; crewman
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
meeting up; gathering; assembly; set
please (give me); please (do for me)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to be of use as a reference; to be helpful
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
guinea pig (Cavia porcellus); subject of an experiment; (human) guinea pig