what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tide; current; sea water; opportunity; chance
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to carry on; to go on with one's life; to keep alive; to stay alive; to survive
hateful; detestable; abominable; amazing; fantastic; admirable
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
hey!; say!; I say!; I; me
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to mix; to stir; to blend
danger; peril; hazard; risk
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
last moment; eleventh hour; platform made of dirt used to perform executions (decapitations) in the Edo period
within a company; in-house; within a shrine; shrine precincts
kind; courteous; intimate; (arch.) becoming intimate; (arch.) having an intimate relationship (sometimes esp. a homosexual relationship)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
many problems; various problems
to invite; to ask; to beckon; to wave someone in; to call in; to send for
to negotiate (with someone about); to talk over (something with); to tackle someone (about); to throw on each other; to splash (water) on each other; to pour on each other
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.