huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
carrying (someone) on one's back (esp. a child); piggyback ride; relying on (someone); being (financially) dependent on
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
third-year student; third-year pupil
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
wound; injury; chip; crack; flaw; defect
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
dream; dream; hope; unrealistic aspiration; daydream; delusion
he; she; that guy; that; that one; that thing
consequence; outcome; result; blame; fault
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to disappear; to vanish; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope); to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to mix; to stir; to blend
danger; peril; hazard; risk
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
last moment; eleventh hour; platform made of dirt used to perform executions (decapitations) in the Edo period
within a company; in-house; within a shrine; shrine precincts
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
kind; courteous; intimate; (arch.) becoming intimate; (arch.) having an intimate relationship (sometimes esp. a homosexual relationship)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason