senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
that's true; of course; obviously
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
beginning; outset; first; onset
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
well; properly; best regards; please remember me; just like ...; as though one were ...
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
foolish; idiotic; stupid; ridiculous; absurd
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
suffix for familiar person
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
new student; freshman; first-year student
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question