indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
young bird; chick; fledgling; hina doll; doll displayed during the Girls' Festival
in this way; thus; such; uh...
suffix for familiar person
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
family; members of a family
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
gap; space; break; interlude; chink (in one's armor, armour); chance
older sister; lass; young lady
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I'm off; see you later; to go (and then come back)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
standing in a row; forming a line; alignment
all together now!; one, two, go!; ready, set, go!; heave, ho!; oops-a-daisy
have a good day; take care; see you
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become