too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to sing; to sing of (love, beauty, etc.) in a poem; to express in the form of a poem; to recite (a poem)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to lose one's way; to get lost; to waver; to hesitate; to be captivated (by); to be infatuated (with)
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
soon; before long; slowly; quietly; already; about time
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
to be helpful; to be dependable; to stand by (someone)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
had better ...; had better not ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
disliking; not wanting; unpleasant; disagreeable; no!; quit it!
in any case; regardless; either way; since it makes no difference anyway (you might as well ...); since it won't change the outcome; if you are doing it regardless
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
leader; leaders; dotted line; reader (textbook); reader (i.e. a person who reads); microreader
then; well; so; well then
unwillingly; reluctantly; grudgingly; shaking one's head in refusal (like a child)