there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
historic ruins (remains, relics); archeological site
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
danger; peril; hazard; risk
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to join forces; to cooperate
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
to push on; to plunge forward; to push one's way to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
considerably; greatly; a lot
to be stormy; to be rough; to be rough (of skin); to be chapped; to be ruined; to fall into ruin
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to collapse; to crumble; to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to break down; to be thrown into disarray; to crash (stock market)
anyhow; at any rate; anyway; somehow or other; generally speaking; in any case
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
adds force or indicates command
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need