to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
supervision; control; superintendence; director; superintendent; supervisor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
representation; agency; proxy; deputy; agent; attorney
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
senior high school; high school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
suffix for familiar person
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
regular; regular member (e.g. of football team, etc.); regular (petrol, gasoline)
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
ball; ball (pitch that falls outside of the strike zone); bowl; board (cardboard, pasteboard, etc.)
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
custom; practice; said; aforementioned; instance; example
overseas student; exchange student
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
scattered; disperse; loose; disconnected; in pieces; in drops
to follow; to pursue; to die right after a loved one; to kill oneself after the death of a loved one; to follow an example set by earlier generations (or one's master, etc.)
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself