indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attack; to destroy; to defeat; to conquer; to avenge
imitation; fake; phony; pseudo-
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
to falter; to flinch (from); to recoil (from); to quail (at); to be intimidated; to feel daunted
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to impose; to visit upon; to inflict
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
for; for the sake of; to one's advantage; because of; as a result of
main force; main strength; main effort; primary focus
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
armed forces; military; troops
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
emperor's teacher; imperial army
to overwhelm (e.g. an opponent); to overpower; to overwhelm (someone with emotion); to move; to intimidate; to frighten
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
not less than ...; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; the above; the above-mentioned
people; citizens; subjects; folk
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
wrong impression; subjective impression; assumption; prejudice
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
vista; view; scene; counter for scenes (in a play)
stand; rest; setting (of a gem); mounting; stock (in grafting); counter for machines and vehicles; level (e.g. price level)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
foreign country; another country; another province; strange land; alien land
interference; intervention; meddling
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all