to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
long (time that has passed); old (story)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
troop headquarters; stronghold; inn designated for use by a daimyo (Edo period)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
self restraint; moderating one's behaviour; penitence; confinement to one's home; house arrest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to eat; to drink; to receive (e.g. a blow); to be on the receiving end (of something undesirable); to undergo (trouble)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
evacuation; withdrawal; revocation; repeal; retreat
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
to decapitate; to take (someone's) head off; to depose; to topple
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
besides; in addition; also; moreover
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever
myself; yourself; I; me; you
whether or not (in phrases like "I don't know whether or not I can come")
oh; ho; exclamation of surprise, admiration, etc.; hoo (owl call); toot (sound of a flute)
in that way; thus; so; so?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates uncertainty or second hand nature of information quoted
very; greatly; much; just about to; almost; very nearly
warrior; soldier; courageous person; strong person
will; probably; may; I think; surely; I hope