chord; "on" reading of a kanji
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
offender; criminal; culprit
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; period; class
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
extramarital sex; affair; fooling around; infidelity; wantonness; unfaithfulness
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
to breathe out; to breathe; to tell (a lie); to use (foul language); to vomit; to throw up
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
father; dad; husband; you; he
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late