to peel; to skin; to pare; to hull; to bare (e.g. fangs); to open wide (e.g. eyes)
God; god; ace; king; superior person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
heaven and earth; top and bottom
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one by one; one after another; successively
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
grass; weed; (arch.) ninja; not genuine; substandard; LOL
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
insect; bug; worm; roundworm; one's emotions; one's feelings; nervousness
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
number one; first; best; most; game; round
the end; closing; being done for; that's it; that's enough; that's all
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ancestor; forefather; foremother
eve (esp. Christmas Eve); the night before
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
two persons; two people; pair; couple
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible