let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
sal (tree) (Shorea robusta); saul; Japanese stewartia (Stewartia pseudocamellia)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
even the prosperous inevitably decay; sic transit gloria mundi; all that's fair must fade
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
reason; logic; sense; natural way of things
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
time; hour; period; class
understood; I see; OK; present; here
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
blind alley; cul-de-sac; dead end street; deadlock; impasse; dead end
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
in that way; thus; so; so?
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)