at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
bureau director; office chief
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
meticulous; careful; discreet; scrupulous; prudent
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
attention; notice; care; caution; advice; warning
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pay (e.g. money, bill); to brush off; to wipe away; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors); to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of; to pay (e.g. attention)
to catch; to capture; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street); towards (someone); at (someone)
please (give me); please (do for me)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
even a little; any at all; if only a little; no matter how little
strange; weird; wonder; mystery; cleverness; adroitness
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
degree; amount; grade; standard; of the order of (following a number); about
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
covering; protection; backing; relief
both hands; both arms; ten
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
securing; obtaining; ensuring; belay; belaying
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
arrangements; plan; programme; program; preparations
in accordance with; following; roughly; about; Street; Avenue
burner; nozzle; origin of a fire