above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to fall down; to drop; to be omitted; to be missing; to decrease; to sink; to fail (e.g. exam or class)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cut corners; to be shoddy
unflaggingly; steadily; untiringly; knocking; tapping; clicking
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
to be opposite; to face each other; to confront (an issue); to face
before very long; soon; someday; of the previously mentioned; of that number; among them
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be found; to be discovered
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to be broken; to break; to fall through; to come to nothing
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
repair; mending; fixing; servicing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point