indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
study; diligence; discount; reduction
goal; target; aim; mark; sign; landmark
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
chance; start; cue; excuse; motive; impetus
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
study; learning; tutorial
South Korea; Republic of Korea; Korean Empire (1897-1910)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
travel; trip; journey; excursion; tour
Japanese person; Japanese people
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
animation; animated film; animated cartoon; anime
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest