indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
Saturday; earth; dirt; land; lands; earth (third of the five elements)
weekday; ordinary days (i.e. non-holiday); kanji radical 73
gold (Au); golden (color); valuable; of highest value; money; gold coin; Friday
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to have a talk; to tell a story
operation (of a machine, etc.); operating; driving; working (capital, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence