clanging; empty; deserted
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
disorder; chaos; confusion; mayhem
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
trace; tracks; site; remains; scar
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
chair; stool; post; office; position
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
to burn; to scorch; to char; to singe
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
slanting; tilted; sloping; distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to shine in (light); to illuminate
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
only; merely; but; no more than
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
to pretend not to see; to turn one's back on
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure
below; down; bottom; beneath; underneath; just after; right after
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
back; rear; background; behind the scenes
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go through; to pierce; to run through (e.g. a river through a city); to pass through; to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.); to carry out
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to overflow; to brim over; to flood