magnification; enlargement; expansion; amplification
territory (of country, feudal domain, etc.); (arch.) counter for suits of clothing, sets of armor, etc.
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
rule; reign; government; governing
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
advance arrangements; preparatory meeting; overlap (of a coat, etc.); (arch.) making something match exactly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
advanced level; high grade; senior
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
classification; categorization; sorting
although I say; although one might say; although called
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it is not (like that) either
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
to entrust (e.g. a task) to another; to leave to; to passively leave to someone else's facilities; to leave to take its natural course; to continue (something) in a natural fashion (without particular aim); to rely fully on one's (full strength, great ability, long time taken) to get something done
capable person; talented person; human resources; personnel
nonexistent; nil; none; nothing (at all); bugger-all
top brass; upper echelon; higher-ups; top management; upper reaches; top of the pile
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
local governor (Edo period); local magistrate; bailiff; deputy official (middle ages); acting administrator
dispatch; despatch; deployment; temporary employee (esp. from an agency); temporary worker; agency temp
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
partition; division; separation; segmenting; splitting
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
work; operation; manufacturing; fatigue duty
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out