indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to dance (orig. a hopping dance)
arbor; arbour; suffix forming the final part of the pseudonyms of some writers and performers; suffix forming the final part of the name of a restaurant
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
by myself; in person; by oneself
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
relatively; comparatively
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to relax; to feel at home
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
good feeling; feeling good
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
indeed; really; absolutely; truly; actually; very
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
another world (esp. in fiction); otherworld; parallel universe; different-dimension world; isekai
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
while; even though; despite
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to plunge into; to charge into; to delve into (a matter); to go into depth; to press (someone) about