Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to collect; to put (it all) together; to summarize; to aggregate; to bring to a conclusion; to finalize
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
more or less; though not quite satisfactorily; tentatively; for the time being; just in case; once
studying abroad; studying at a different school, etc. (usu. for a specific purpose)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
(outward) appearance; (proper) format (e.g. of an essay); form; appearances; decency; lip-service
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
rank; place (e.g. first place); decimal place; counter for ghosts
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
heresy; evil ways; sorcery; black magic; netherworld; world outside the six realms where evil spirits roam
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
book; volume; this; present; main; head
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to buy; to purchase; to value; to have a high opinion; to stir; to provoke
local specialty or souvenir bought as a gift while travelling; present brought by a visitor; something unpleasant that one is given (e.g. an illness while on vacation); unwelcome gift
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to make good; to improve; to do often; to be kind to; to treat well
wife; your wife; his wife; married lady; madam
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine