at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
assistant; associate; duplicate; copy; adverb
village headman; village mayor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to visit; to call on; to pay a visit to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
single word; a few words; brief comment
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
instead of; in place of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for; to make up for
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
decorations; offerings; mere window dressing
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
such; like that; that sort of; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
deplorable; regrettable; disappointing; vexing; unfortunate
appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in that way; thus; so; so?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
highly virtuous monk; monk; Buddhist solitary; Buddhist missionary; saint (i.e. a virtuous person); (arch.) emperor; master