that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
countries all over the world; all the countries of the world
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
control; management (e.g. of a business)
organization; organisation; structure; construction; system (e.g. railroad, transport, party, etc.); tissue; texture (of a rock)
to extol; to sing the praises of; to celebrate; to declare; to stipulate; to express
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
dispute; strife; quarrel; dissension; conflict; rivalry
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
participation; taking part in; participating in; being concerned in
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
as a rule; in general; in principle; basically; essentially; fundamentally
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
of course; certainly; naturally
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
dense; thick; close (relationship); intimate; minute; fine
dignity; eminent; high ranking; high-order (digit, bit, etc.)
to apply correspondingly; to correspond to; to be proportionate to; to conform to
treatment; service; handling (of a machine, tool, etc.); operation; treating as; treating like
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
regarding; in; to; towards; with regards to
consideration; concern; attention; thoughtfulness; making arrangements; care
headquarters; head office; main office
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
union; alliance; combination; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
district; section; sector
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily