small hill; low hill; hillock
(water-filled) paddy field
the West; the Occident; Western countries
route; road; distance travelled in a day; one's ... (age, e.g. 40s, 60s)
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
Edo (shogunate capital, now Tokyo); Yedo
glance; look; glimpse; complete view; bird's-eye view
fortress; stronghold; citadel
town; city; municipal; urban
moat; fosse; canal; ditch
to refuse; to reject; to decline; to prevent (from doing); to deny (e.g. access); to block
here and there; in places
turret; watchtower; high wooden stage; scaffolding; wooden frame (of a kotatsu); yagura
archer; bowman; bow-wielding soldier; crossbow soldier
crowding together; clustering together; close formation; swarm
in name only; titular; nominal
often; again and again; over and over again; repeatedly; frequently
skirmish; brush (with the enemy); small fight with a military enemy; squabble; quarrel; brief argument
from the viewpoint of; according to
hair; fur; wool; down; plumage
advantage; benefit; profit; interest
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica)
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568 CE); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
the House of Tokugawa; the Tokugawas
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
reckless; (at) random; haphazard; blind; sudden; abrupt
eternal; unlimited; endless
Japanese style; light wind; moderate breeze
single-storied house; single-storied building
shoji (paper sliding door)
door (esp. Japanese-style); shutter; window shutter; (arch.) entrance (to a home); (arch.) narrows
(short) curtain hung at shop entrance; split curtain used to divide spaces in a house; reputation (of a store); good name; goodwill
chōnin (Edo-period social class of town-dwelling commoners, esp. landowning merchants); townspeople; townsfolk; tradespeople
dressing in kimono without hakama (for a man); dressing casually
poor or lowly masterless samurai
to make a net; to knit a net
to shoulder; to carry on one's shoulder; to nominate for a position; to choose as a representative; to take (someone) for a ride; to deceive
female private parts; female genitals
palanquin; litter; bier; kago
twosome; duo; pair (of criminals)