Ministry of Rites (Tang-dynasty China)
duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff); liability; onus
vice-minister; undersecretary
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
sour (expression); (lit.) as if having swallowed a bitter bug
facial expression; countenance; look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
what (e.g. "what rudeness"); what (something) is like
blunder; fault; error; mistake; failure; disgrace
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
murmur; mutter; murmuring; tweet; Twitter post
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
to vomit; to throw up; to emit; to send forth; to give (an opinion); to make (a comment)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at hand; on hand; way of moving one's arms; skill; money at hand; pocket money
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
document; official papers
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
to have one's name entered (in a list)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
coincident with; while; simultaneously
withdrawal; secession; separation; breakaway
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
stomach ache; abdominal pain