at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
lost article; something forgotten
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
check; plaid; checking; monitoring; check (banking); cheque
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
in that way; thus; so; so?
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
light clothing; dressing light; light equipment; light armaments
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
clothes (esp. Western clothes); counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, drags of a cigarette, etc.
kind; sort; type; similar example; parallel; the like
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
light (e.g. aircraft, truck); light motor vehicle (up to 660cc and 64bhp); kei car
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to cool oneself; to cool off; to enjoy the cool air
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
seasoning; flavoring; flavouring; condiment
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom