centre; center; middle; capital; seat of government
various countries; various regions; various provinces
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head; lead; vanguard; first
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(with a) whizzing sound; sound of something whizzing by
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
corridor; gallery; hallway; cloister (i.e. covered walk typically circling a building or garden, esp. in a palace or place of worship)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
highway (esp. one existing from the Edo period); main road; highway (e.g. to success); path (to becoming ...); subdistrict (in China)
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
stoppage; coming to a stop; ceasing (movement, activity, etc.); suspension (of operations); suspension (of payment, licence, etc.); (temporary) prohibition
armpit; under one's arm; beside; close to; aside; to the side; off-track
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
scene; spectacle; sight; view
cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
chair; stool; post; office; position
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
creation; generation; formation; derivation
to make (tea, coffee, etc.); to brew a beverage (with hot water)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
while; during; while; although; all; both
to breathe out; to breathe; to tell (a lie); to use (foul language); to vomit; to throw up
in that way; thus; so; so?
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet (Twitter)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch