indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
loved one; lover; sweetheart
in comparison to; rather than
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
near; close; beside; third person
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to destroy; to demolish; to disturb; to put into disorder; to relax (one's pose); to make oneself at ease; to break (a bill)
time; season; period; phase; stage
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
pregnancy; conception; gestation
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to begin to write; to begin writing; to begin to draw; to begin drawing; to begin painting
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wise; sagacious; intelligent; sensible
eccentricity; eccentric behaviour
inner palace (reserved for women); harem; seraglio; consort of the emperor
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances