this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
number of days; period of days; daily interest rate
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling, atmosphere, etc.); serious; gloomy
bag; satchel; briefcase; basket
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
repatriation; return; (electrical) feedback
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
completely exhausted; dead tired; knackered
even at the best of times; already; (even) under normal circumstances; in addition to; as it is
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. voice); to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
one's way back; one's way home
perfect; complete; flawless
to attack a routed enemy; to sink the boot into; to pour salt on a wound
right away; without delay; as soon as possible; very soon
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
achievement; attainment; accomplishment; realization
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
to face; to go towards; to head towards
already; now; no longer; not any more
dear (old); fondly-remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
feeling; sense; impression