morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; period; class
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
accurate; correct; precise; exact
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
function; facility; faculty; feature
left arm; left-handed (baseball pitcher)
warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot; considerate; kind; genial
feel (i.e. tactile sensation); touch; feeling; sensation; texture (e.g. food, cloth)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
while; during; while; although; all; both
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
tart; roll of sponge cake with sweetened beans
very young; little; childish; immature
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
family; members of a family
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
that; the matter in question
trauma (usu. psychological)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted