spatula; (artificially cultured) Japanese crucian carp
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to recover consciousness; to come to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass (of time); to elapse
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to begin to fall (rain, etc.)
late autumn (fall); (arch.) ninth month of the lunar calendar
early winter; tenth month of the lunar calendar
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
happiness; blessedness; luck; luckily; fortunately
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
although I say; although one might say; although called
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to pile up; to accumulate; to estimate
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
one (more) effort; one (more) push; a try; a go
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
hunting; harvesting (e.g. berries, fruit); picking; gathering
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise