today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
life; living; I; me; student
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to tease; to make fun of; to poke fun at; to make a crack about; to chaff; to kid
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to become used to seeing; to be familiar with
scene; spectacle; sight; view
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
two persons; two people; pair; couple
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
heart; mind; bottom of one's heart; core (of one's character); centre; center; heart (organ)
senior high school; high school
senior high school student
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
attendance (at school); going to school
height (of body); stature
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case