indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
opinion; point of view; visual point
apple (fruit); apple tree (Malus pumila)
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to peel; to skin; to pare; to hull; to bare (e.g. fangs); to open wide (e.g. eyes)
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
opening (one's mouth) wide; saying "aah"; crying loudly; wailing; bawling
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
heh heh heh; tee-hee; giggle
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.); drink (usu. alcoholic); full; one squid, octopus, crab, etc.; one boat; fully; to capacity
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; (arch.) that's right
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
figure; design; twill weave; pattern of diagonal stripes; style (of writing); figure (of speech); design
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
envious; jealous; enviable (position, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
skillful; skilful; adroit; clever; shrewd; ingenious
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
sickroom; hospital room; ward