town; city; municipal; urban
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to swell; to rise; to bulge; to rouse; to get excited
gradually; by degrees; little by little; steps; stairs; staircase
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to get tired of; to lose interest in; to be fed up with; to have enough
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
calming down; quieting down
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone); to begin to talk; to start a conversation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
pupil; student; schoolchild
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
beginning; outset; first; onset
to avoid (physical contact with); to avoid (situation); to ward off; to avert; to put aside; to move out of the way
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
dragon (as depicted in Western myths)
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
a little; some; somewhat; amount; quantity; number
intimacy; affection; familiarity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)