indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
by myself; in person; by oneself
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
to dream (i.e. while asleep); to have a dream; to dream (of the future); to have a fleeting experience
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
present condition; existing state; status quo; current state
to be visible; to be clear; to be evident; to be certain
drawing; picture; diagram; sight; scene
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be ruined (reduced to poverty); to fall low; to go under; to come to ruin
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right; correct; proper; righteous; just
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
in the end; at the end of the day
readiness; preparedness; resolution; resignation
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
reaffirmation; reconfirmation; revalidation
you (plural); all of you; you all
regular employee; permanent employee; full-time employee
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
wonderful; splendid; magnificent
capable person; talented person; human resources; personnel
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence