to enclose; to surround; to shelter (e.g. a criminal); to shield; to keep (e.g. a mistress); to store (vegetables, fruit, etc.)
Sapporo (city in Hokkaido)
intersection on a go board
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
area under direct control (of the shogun)
local governor (Edo period); local magistrate; bailiff; deputy official (middle ages); acting administrator
free city (of Germany); commune (of medieval Europe)
citizen; citizenry; city inhabitant; townspeople; bourgeoisie; middle class
rule; reign; government; governing
fort; stronghold; fortification
to stuff into; to jam; to shorten; to move closer together; to reduce (spending); to conserve; to focus intently on
adjacency; contiguity; being adjoined
Immigration Bureau; Immigration Office
domestic and foreign; inside and outside the country
tension; mental strain; nervousness
(mountain) pass; highest point on a mountain road; ridge; peak (e.g. of summer); worst (e.g. of an illness); crisis
foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
relay station (esp. on Edo-period highway); post station; stage
to stay at (e.g. hotel); to be docked; to be berthed; to be moored
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across; to get over (e.g. hardship); to pass time (e.g. a winter); to surpass; to be better than; to move house
Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543.1.31-1616.6.1), Shougun 1603-1605
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
rising water (of river, lake, etc.); swelling water; increased water; high water
before oneself; in front of one; a bit before reaching (a location); this side (of a location); one's standpoint; one's appearance; skill
to keep (a person) waiting
stimulation (e.g. of an economy); revitalization (e.g. of a town); rejuvenation; activation
New World (esp. the Americas, but also Australasia)
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
uninhabited island; desert island
political system; political institution; regime
right to decide; having say (in a decision)
at the same time as; while; as well as (multiple roles)
grasping; seizing; holding; commanding; having control over
constitution; rules; regulation
restriction; restraint; limitation; limit
constitutional monarchy; limited monarchy
democracy; democratic system of government
prime minister; chancellor (Germany, Austria, etc.); premier
Edo shogunate (1603-1867)