samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
promotion (school, military, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
easy victory; walkover; easy peasy; child's play; cakewalk
order; rank; position (e.g. in a race); precedence
deciding match; play-off; runoff
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
now; the present time; just now; another; more
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
student in a higher grade; upperclassman
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
until now; so far; up to the present
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
pupil; student; schoolchild
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest
management; dealing with; course of events; circumstances; end result (usu. bad); outcome
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
superior (in rank); top; higher order (e.g. byte); host computer (of connected device)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
results; record; grades; marks
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
far from; anything but; not at all; let alone; to say nothing of; not to mention
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
suspicious; dubious; doubtful; unsure; untrustworthy; unreliable; strange