violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to throw violently against; to slam against; to strike; to thrust at someone (e.g. a letter)
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; impulse
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
heavy rain; torrential rainfall; downpour
to visit and comfort or console; to go to see (e.g. someone in hospital); to ask after (e.g. someone's health); to attack; to hit; to strike
as if; as though; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest; really; completely
sumi; India ink; squid ink; octopus ink; carpenter's inking string
to paint over; to paint out; to fill in; to cover completely (with paint)
mess; sorry state; -ways; -wards; in the act of ...; just as one is ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
scenery; scene; landscape
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
(many) trees; every tree; all kinds of trees
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
to melt; to liquefy; to dissolve (in a liquid); to be soluble (in); to be used up (of money or time); to be wasted
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
one large animal (horses, cattle, etc.); head (of cattle)
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop; knight (court card in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta)
racing noisily (in a car, motorcycle, etc.); roaring (e.g. down the street)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
one class (of students); one group (of people); one set (of items); one pair
men and women; man and woman; both sexes; both genders
back; reverse; rear side; height; stature; ridge (of a mountain)
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to load (luggage); to carry; to send out (on the airwaves, etc.); to deceive
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
deep (hole, forest, snow, etc.); dense (e.g. fog); thick (e.g. weeds, woods); close (e.g. relationship); deep (involvement); intense (e.g. longing, flavor); severe
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
certain; sure; no doubt; reliable; dependable
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)