right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
swaying (with large slow movements); shaking
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to shake; to jolt; to rock (cradle); to blackmail; to extort; to shake down
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
seiza; kneeling with the tops of the feet flat on the floor, and sitting on the soles
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to seize; to catch; to obtain; to acquire; to understand; to grasp
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
left and right; right and left; (asserting) control; influence; one's attendants; people accompanying one
lying down and getting up; waking; getting up; living (with); staying (with)
shot; charge; blow; punch; home run; try
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
shaking (e.g. a container); milkshake; shake
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
to separate; to part; to divide; to keep apart
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
agitation; stirring; whipping; beating
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now