indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
across; over; beyond; throughout (a period of time); for
degree; extent; (health) condition; state of health; adjustment; moderation; addition and subtraction
in terms of; from the point of view of
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
time; hour; period; class
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
inside one's heart; in one's mind
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
triumphant pose (assumed by an athlete, etc.)
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
with a feeling of relief; with a sigh of relief; deeply (sigh)
satisfaction; contentment; sufficient; satisfactory; satisfying (an equation)
to breathe out; to exhale
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
four (long cylindrical things)
prop; stay; support; brace; fulcrum
what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called
canopy; dome; priestly minstrel's reed hood; reed hood worn by Komuso priests
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality