indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
beginning; outset; first; onset
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
deep; profound; dense; thick; close (relationship); intense; strong
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
two persons; two people; pair; couple
number one; first; best; most; game; round
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)