childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yuzu (Citrus ichangensis x C. reticulata)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
number one; first; best; most; game; round
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
preference; priority; precedence
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to intimidate; to frighten; to scare; to threaten (e.g. peace); to jeopardize; to endanger
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
all one's power (strength, energy, efforts); one's utmost
exclusion; removal; rejection; elimination; abatement; lifting (sanctions, etc.)
opinion; intention; thought
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
coincident with; while; simultaneously
to struggle in the water; to sink below the surface and become unable to breathe; to (nearly) drown; to indulge in; to lose one's head over something; to be addicted
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to lose one's way; to get lost; to waver; to hesitate; to give into temptation; to lose control of oneself
previously; before; first; before (something or someone else); beforehand; in advance
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to die by drowning; to drown
worry; concern; anxiety; care; help; aid
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work