indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stand in a row (e.g. shops on a street); to line in a row; to line; to be equal to; to be on a par with
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
bakery; baker; pastry shop
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
bread; (sweet) pastry; staff of life; one's bread
cinnamon roll; cinnamon snail; cinnamon bun
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to line up; to stand in a line; to rival; to match; to equal
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to taper to a point; to become pointed; to become sharp; to look displeased; to look sour; to be on edge
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
in tufts; tufty; bushy; thick; luxuriant
hair; fur; wool; down; plumage
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
start; beginning; build up; how well a pitcher pitches at the start of the game
forefoot; forefeet; foreleg; forelimb
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
tail (animal); tail end; tip
sometimes; occasionally; at times; seasonal; of the season; appropriate (for the season or occasion)
to shake; to sway; to waver
shopkeeper; storekeeper; proprietor of a shop
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to