next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
sailing ship; sailing boat; sailing vessel
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
middle-age; middle age; midlife; one's middle years
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to match (rhythm, speed, etc.); to join together; to unite; to face; to be opposite (someone); to compare; to check with
both hands; both arms; ten
just barely; only just; at the very limit; at the last moment
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to suspend from; to be suspended (from)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
stone paving; cobble paving; stone steps; check (pattern); pavé; rectangular dessert (usu. made from chocolate or several layers of sponge cake)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to use one's influence; to pull strings; to take measures; to make the necessary preparations
putting into operation; invocation
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
arm; skill; efforts; ability
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to elevate; to raise; to lift up; to flatter; to extol; to praise to the sky
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
drumming (noise); beating; rapidly; quickly; continuously; one after the other