indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to discuss; to talk together
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be conspicuous; to stand out
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to bring down (an animal, opponent, etc.); to kill; to shoot dead; to shoot down
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
direction; orientation; bearing; course (e.g. of action)
adjustment; regulation; coordination; reconciliation; tuning; fixing
weak point; weakness; shortcoming; defect; flaw; sore spot
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
job; work; duties; trade; skill
absence; disregard; indifference
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
by means of; due to; because of; according to
tank (of liquid); tank (military vehicle)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
hate; hate crime; hate speech; racism
control; management (e.g. of a business)
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
the number of people; many people; a large number of people; (counted as an) adult
difference; variation; difference
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen