excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
royal capital; imperial capital
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
curse; spell; malediction
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to untie; to unfasten; to unsew; to unstitch; to solve; to work out; to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
don't you think?; indicates question
beautiful face; good looks; beauty
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
sweetly (smiling); broadly (grinning)
shop; small store; business; firm
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
cheerful; buoyant; lighthearted
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
interior; backwoods; hinterland; back regions
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
marsh; swamp; wetland; being hooked (on a video game, TV show, etc.)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
to look up (at); to look up to; to respect; to ask for (e.g. guidance); to seek; to depend on
ground; earth; the solid earth; the (vast) land
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
all living things; all God's creatures, great and small
to rain incessantly; to downpour
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm