this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
your Highness; his Highness; her Highness
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
choosing; selecting; deciding (on)
ceremony; matter; affair; with regard to; as for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
banquet or reception hall
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to resound; to echo; to reverberate
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to bow; to bow one's head; to apologize; to apologise; to bow to; to yield to
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
judgment; judgement; divination; judgement
can do nothing but (do); cannot help (doing) something